The article is based on the research carried out by Joy (male) Christian at Oxford University but also draws on other notable figures in the field such as Penrose, ‘t Hooft and Smolin.
The proposition is that quantum weirdness – by that it means uncertainty and, particularly, entanglement – is a manifestation of something, rather than being a fundamental property of particle physics. The reason for the search is not new because quantum theory is at variance with Einsteinian relativity. Einstein personally hated QM but could not disprove it. So, quantum theory stands up, as does relativity, but they are in contradiction in some very important aspects, such as non-locality. Relativity states that nothing travels faster than light but QM says that two entangled quantum entities, such as photons, affect each other instantaneously, even if they are separated by the width of the universe.
John Bell, the Irish physicist, tried to identify some kind of underlying truth that would reveal entanglement to have been present all along and not the result of observer action. This was more than 40 years ago and it was called, ‘Hidden Variables.’ He failed in his endeavours, so we have been stuck with this apparent contradiction ever since.
He used algebraic maths to do his calculations, which is commutable (i.e. gets the same result whichever way one writes the equation). Christian thinks that this misses a trick and he uses a more complex type of maths, which is non-commuting, called quaternions. This reveals the possibility of a deeper, underlying truth, which is consistent with classical physics.
In summary, QM as it now stands shows the universe to be subjective and observer-driven, whereas this new approach leads to the possibility that the world is objective and deterministic.
I hope I have got that more or less right. Can you scientists and mathematicians correct me if I have misled the jury.
Let the discussion commence.
